Empty heading element
Part of Documentation, UX & Accessibility, which counts for 15% of the overall score. When this check fires it deducts 4 points from that category, once per scan, no matter how many places it turns up.
What it detects
A heading tag (<h1> through <h6>) with no text content still occupies a slot in the page outline that screen-reader users navigate by heading, so they land on an announced heading that says nothing. Either give it real text or remove the tag. Heuristic: only catches a heading whose open and close tags are on the same line; one split across multiple lines is not matched.
Why it matters
An empty heading still occupies a slot in the page outline that screen-reader users navigate through heading-by-heading, so landing on one that announces nothing wastes a navigation step and can make the rest of the outline look broken or auto-generated. It usually means leftover markup from a template or a conditional that is not rendering its expected content.
How to fix it
Give the heading real text describing that section, or remove the tag entirely if the section genuinely has no heading. Check whether the emptiness is a bug (a variable that is not resolving) rather than intentional markup before deleting it.
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